Sleep & Weight Loss: Sleeping In On Weekends Can Cause Weight Gain
Many Americans don’t get enough sleep during the work week and so sleeping in on the weekends to make up for lost sleep is a common practice, however as counter intuitive as it might seem, that extra sleep can adversely affect your efforts to lose weight and in fact make you more likely to gain weight. Even if you are dieting and being careful about what you eat! How does sleeping in on weekends make you gain weight and stop your efforts to lose weight? The link between sleep and weight loss/weight gain has been very well studied, and in a nutshell, the findings are that if don’t get enough sleep and your sleeping habits are not consistent, you may not lose weight as much as someone else who is getting regular hours of adequate sleep. (Assuming you are both exercising and dieting equally.) Gaining weight and the struggle to lose weight has become a major concern in today’s world, yet few pay attention to the role fluctuating sleep patterns can play in sabotaging weight loss endeavors, and that being sleep deprived, then trying to make up for lost sleep on weekends or off days can cause weight gain. Sleep is such an essential part of our lives, (we spend one third of our lives asleep), and longer sleep times are theorized to be one of key elements of what made us human in the first place. Yet, nowadays being able to get by on small amounts of sleep is considered an enviable trait. To the extent that being able to “function” while in the clutches of sleep deprivation is believed to be an important requirement for doing well in your studies and being successful in the workplace. Productivity is paramount, sleep often seen as an inconvenience to be put off for as long as possible with copious amounts of coffee and energy drinks. Yet, chronic sleep deprivation and attempts to compensate for it may be one of the many factors responsible for our current obesity crisis. In this article we will take a look at the relationship between sleep and weight loss, and how sleeping in on weekends can make you gain weight. More importantly, we will give you some concrete tips to make sure you don’t fall into the pattern of gaining weight from not sleeping enough during the week and then trying to make up for it on the weekends. Thanks for reading and do be sure to share this article with anyone who you think might stand to benefit from it!
Sleep & Weight Loss: Why We Sleep Less & How It Might Cause Weight Gain
Americans today sleep less than at any other point in recorded history, with over a third of all adults sleeping less than seven hours a day. The average human needs anywhere from 7 to as much as 9 hours of sleep each night and so one in seven not hitting that mark means that we truly have a problem when it comes to getting enough sleep. It wasn’t always this way as just a century ago, the U.S. national sleep average was 9-10 hours a night! A veritable dream number (pun intended) by today’s standards, and this reduction in sleep time applies not only to adults, but to children as well. The problem isn’t just longer work hours and the challenge of keeping pace with a more globalized world that requires ongoing communication and awareness of events in different time zones. It’s a new addition to our lives, but so is television and more recently, an environment where we can be constantly connected to the internet. Screens fill our night life with so much stimulation, (and artificial light), that they can lure many away from their much needed time in bed. After a hard day, watching TV, surfing the net and using your mobile device are typical ways to unwind, but it can come at the cost of making both children and adults stay up longer and sleep less. In essence, many sacrifice sleep in exchange for increased productivity and increased entertainment, but this modern penchant for being awake longer comes at a price.
Over the past 28 years, I have helped hundreds of men and women lose significant amounts of weight. That said, there are times when I am faced with clients who are following their diet yet not losing weight as quickly as he or she should. Aside from clinical issues, or medication listing weight gain as a side effect, there are usually two factors that are responsible. The first is alcohol consumption, (see my article Just One Drink Of Alcohol Can Stop You From Losing Weight), and the second is inadequate sleep with inconsistent sleep patterns. There is also a group who have trouble sticking to their diet because they keep late hours.
Staying up later and longer means you have more time to be hungry, especially if you recently started a lower calorie diet. Thus, making it harder to not overeat (often junk food), at the end of the day. Eating more food late at night also makes it physically harder to fall asleep, reduces the quality of your sleep and how long you can stay asleep.[1] All in all compounding the problem of not sleeping the required number of hours. This all makes sense for the clients who didn’t stick to their diets, as there is also a body of research that shows that eating late at night can make you gain weight if you are consuming most of your calories later in the day. (See my article Eating Late and Weight Gain) But why would my clients with irregular sleep habits but who were spot on with their diets not losing weight as much as they should? To solve this puzzle we have to look at the connection between sleep and weight loss.
Why Do Animals Lose Weight When Sleep Deprived But Humans Gain Weight?
In theory the increased stress created by sleep deprivation should make you lose weight, not gain it. And when researchers first started sleep deprivation studies with laboratory animals, they were able to confirm that sleep deprived animals suffer a DECREASE in overall body weight over time.[2, 3] However, while this pattern of sleep deprivation induced weight loss held true for tests with animals, human epidemiological studies showed the very opposite response. As people tend to gain weight when sleep deprived.[3,4,5,6,7] This was somewhat of an enigma, and at first researchers didn’t understand why there was such a discrepancy. All mammals studied lost weight when sleep deprived but humans gained weight if they didn’t get enough sleep and the reason for this seemingly contrary occurrence lies in the differences between real world and laboratory settings. Human sleep deprivation is almost never uniform, but in the laboratory studies, animals were sleep deprived by a consistent number of hours each day, which isn’t an accurate simulation of how humans experience lack of sleep.
As we mentioned earlier, humans need anywhere between 7-9 hours of sleep a night and if you don’t get exactly as much sleep as your body needs, you begin to accumulate what is known as sleep debt. During the week, few of us hit our sleep requirements. In fact, many Americans average 6.8 hours of sleep per night, which doesn’t sound that far off from the 7 hour recommended minimum, but that sleep debts builds up as the days go by. Soon, mental acuity begins to drop off and you start forgetting what being fully rested feels like, although you would jump at the any opportunity to get some extra sleep. When weekends come, (or if you get to a point where the sleep debt is simply too great to continue functioning), most of us will sleep in to try to make up for the sleep lost. This can help tremendously with helping you feel rested and feeling mentally sharp again, but it wreaks havoc with your system as far as weight loss is concerned.
This phenomenon doesn’t only affect humans, as when researchers began modeling animal sleep deprivation studies after more typical human behaviors, the results were very different. Experiments with rats that endured 5 days of sleep deprivation, followed by 2 days of ad libitum sleep allowances, found that while there was an initial loss of body mass in the first weeks, some quite alarming changes in their physiologies was observed. Changes that have helped us better understand the relationship between sleep and weight loss.
Sleep And Weight Loss: How Sleeping In On Weekends Can Make You Gain Weight
This phenomenon doesn’t only affect humans. When researchers began modeling animal sleep deprivation studies with typical human behaviors, the results were very different from what they were previously. Experiments with rats that endured 5 days of sleep deprivation followed by 2 days of unlimited sleep allowance, found that while there was an initial loss of body mass in the first weeks, researchers observed some startling changes in their bodies. Changes that have helped us better understand the relationship between sleep and weight loss.
The first finding with the sleep deprived rats on a 5 day on, 2 day off sleep deprivation schedule, was that they all had substantial INCREASES IN FOOD INTAKE on days that they were sleep deprived.[3]
The second finding was that there was INCREASED WEIGHT GAIN during the weekends (2 day free periods) when the rats were allowed to sleep as long as they wanted.[3]
The third finding involved the comparison between the human simulated schedule sleep deprived rats and a control group that was consistently sleep deprived by the same number of hours each day. As expected, the rats in the control group all lost weight because of the induced sleep deprivation, even though they were eating the same food and the same amounts as the rats on the 5 days on, 2 days off sleep deprivation schedule who all gained weight![3]
Sleep Deprivation and Hormones- Physiological Changes That Make Us Gain Weight
Since activity levels were the same as well for all of the rats in the study, there had to be some physiological changes that occurred as a result of cyclic sleep deprivation that made rats in that group gain weight. There are many well-controlled studies of both humans and animals highlighting that chronic partial sleep loss, (sleep debt), can increase risk of obesity.[4,7] The research shows that there are major changes in metabolism and endocrine function as a result of what we will call “the weekend sleep in to make up for lost sleep” pattern of sleep deprivation. Changes that occur in both adults and children.[4,7] Sleep restriction changes how our body secretes various hormones and in so doing affects our weight loss efforts and our overall health. Here is how sleep deprivation makes us gain weight:
1. Sleep deprivation decreases glucose tolerance, which can make you gain weight, impede weight loss, and also increase your risk of developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease. [8]
2. Sleep deprivation increases insulin resistance, (which can be a precondition to diabetes), and is recognized as a contributing factor to obesity and weight gain. In a bit of a cruel twist, caffeine, which is commonly used to offset the effects of inadequate sleep, can also play a role in increasing insulin resistance as well, a word to the wise who use caffeinated products to offset the effects of sleep debt.[9, 10,11,12]
3. Sleep deprivation increases later day concentrations of the stress hormone cortisol. Which can suppress your immune system and increase susceptibility to disease.[13,14]
4. Sleep deprivation increases levels of ghrelin. Ghrelin is an important hormone that stimulates appetite and desire to eat, which can create overwhelming food cravings that leads to overeating and consequent weight gain. [15,16]
5. Sleep deprivation decreases levels of leptin, a hormone that acts counter to ghrelin, as leptin does the very opposite, by inhibiting our appetite. [17] Thus making it more likely for you to overeat and subsequently sabotaging your weight loss efforts.
Fighting Back- Increasing Quantity & Quality of Sleep As An Aid to Weight Loss
Taken as a whole, chronic sleep deprivation creates a perfect storm of hormonal reactions that increase your risk of obesity and makes it much harder to lose weight and keep it off. As such, a growing number of clinicians recommend increased sleep time in addition to diet and exercise to help prevent the onset of obesity, and increased risk of earlier mortality it brings. It’s a Sisyphean task to get the required amount of sleep but here are some tips that I have used with my clients to help get them on track.
1. Determine How Many Hours of Sleep You Need.
Estimates are that we need a minimum of seven hours of sleep, as any less is associated with weight gain diabetes, hypertension, heart disease and stroke, depression, and increased risk of death. But some need even more. The litmus test for how much sleep you need is to see how much sleep you need consistently over the course of several days when you are not sleep deprived, where you wake up refreshed and without the aid of any alarms.
2. Take A Mini Vacation To Reset Your Sleep Patterns
If you are having trouble with your sleeping patterns, one of the best ways to reset them is to take a small vacation. It doesn’t have to be longer than 3 days, so a long weekend works, and it need not be somewhere exotic. What’s important is that you choose a place and time where you don’t have to worry about keeping a schedule. Start by following the first step to determine exactly how many hours of sleep you need. Then, while you are away, follow a schedule that you can keep based on your regular real-world schedule. Go to bed and wake up at the hours you would like to keep when you are back from your little vacation and upon your return, you should be truly rested and more likely to be on your new schedule. Our bodies work on a 25-hour cycles that require a reset every day to synchronize with the 24 hour cycle of our planet’s rotation. So 3 days of regular sleep in a relatively low stress environment should be more than enough for you to reset your sleep patterns, and so far it has helped several of my clients get on a better schedule. The regularity will make a noticeable difference in how easily you lose weight, but you will have to be vigilant to not slip back into old habits of sporadic sleep patterns.
3. Restrict Internet and Screen Time An Hour Before Bed
There is some evidence that light from bright screens can throw off your body’s built in clocks, making it harder for your body to know when it should be going to sleep. (See my article Eating Late Can Make You Gain Weight and What’s The Best Time To Workout- AM vs PM for more information on how light affects us.) So skip the screens and read a book (a real one) instead. You won’t be as stimulated, and it will be less likely to keep you awake.
4. Avoid Caffeine!
Even a small caffeine intake affects your sleeping patterns, and can make you get used to accumulating sleep debt. Instead of using coffee and energy drinks to combat bad sleeping patterns, work on improving your quality of sleep! If you like the taste of coffee, try decaffeinated coffee, (black of course, with no milk or sugar), and my clients are often surprised at how deeply they slept after quitting coffee and caffeinated products. (Almost all of them said that they had forgotten what a good night’s sleep felt like.)
5. Avoid Alcohol!
Alcohol has the effect of initially making you drowsy, which is why many think of alcohol as sleeping aid. However, alcohol is not just a sedative, but a stimulant and decreases sleep quality.[] Not at all a good practice for a good night’s sleep.[20,21] (And remember that even one drink of alcohol can also inhibit weight loss.)
6. Avoid Fluids An Hour Or Two Before Bed.
Too many trips to the bathroom at night can cut into the quality of your sleep, so as a rule, curb your fluid intake two or three hours before bed. This small step can make a huge difference in how well you sleep at night.
7. Don’t Sleep In Too Much On Weekends
Sleeping the same hours every day goes a long way in increasing your quality of sleep and maximizing your weight loss program. If you absolutely must sleep in on weekends, it might be best to not sleep any more than an hour extra. The studies have yet to define a minimum dose limit for how many extra hours lead to weight gain if you are sleep deprived, and so it might be best to add as little extra sleep in time on weekends as possible, as it might make you gain weight. Better yet, try to get 7 hours of sleep during the week, so you won’t feel like you have to sleep in on weekends. It will go a long way in improving your health as well!
Not Bad For Training Only Three Days A Week!
Because it's three days a week with soul crunching intensity non stop for the past 33 years.
There's no gimmick to it and it means being uncompromisingly all in for your workouts and with your nutrition.
I don't think there's that much that special about me.
There's nothing enhanced, nothing boosted by testosterone and there weren't any special "supplements" along the way.
Just three days of blistering hard work each week and meticulous attention to what I eat.
Being 90% on point each week means you are 100% off after 10 weeks and I can't emphasize enough how much of a difference unshakeable consistency makes to your overall results.
Most of the natural athletes didn't get where they are by any genetic advantage, they just did what is so very rare- which is stick to their process 100%.
It's not easy as it's not always easy and certainly not always popular, but you owe it to yourself to see just how far you can go if you go all in!
Looking forward to seeing your results and as always, Excelsior!!! #naturallyintense
#naturalbodybuilding #naturalbodybuilder #fitover40 #homegym #drugfreebodybuilding #gymselfie #hometraining #naturalbodybuildingmotivation
What I Eat To Stay Lean and Keep Building Muscle All Year Round.
If there every was a "secret" to how I consistently stay in shape (and almost 20 years since my last competition) the answer would be my diet.
Diet is the deciding factor in what your body looks like and your overall performance and I want to stress that while this is a layout of the foods I eat on a daily basis, it's not a blueprint for your YOU should be eating.
What it can be is an example of what it takes to maintain a certain degree of size and muscularity at all times as a natural athlete, and also the underlying principle to how I select my foods.
Which is that I don't eat junk foods or highly processed foods and I only drink water.
(No protein shakes, ever!)
If you can start with that, there's no doubt that you will be on the right track in terms of your nutrition.
So stay away from processed foods, know that I believe in you and as always, Excelsior!!! #naturallyintense
#naturalbodybuilder #naturalbodybuilding #naturalbodybuildingtips #naturalbodybuildingdiet #diet #whatieatinaday #mydiet #naturalbodybuildingvideos #naturalbodybuildingmotivation #drugfreebodybuilding #healthyeating #noproteinshakes #excelsior #bodybuilding #bodybuildingdiet
Post workout physique check in.
The contest gets closer and closer as the sun meanders across the sky, as my contest is and always will be, did I do everything I possibly could that day to improve?
Did I train hard enough?
Did I push it enough?
The dietary part isn't an issue.
It hasn't been for many years as I always make sure that my nutrition is on point, and there's no leeway on that front.
I don't feel good when I'm not eating optimally, and I respect myself enough to not settle into a place where not feeling my best is the norm.
And to be honest, it feels really good to put my head down at the end of the day knowing that I gave it my all.
Not that I was the best or was even necessarily successful at everything that I set out to accomplish, but knowing that I gave everything nonetheless.
It's a feeling I want everyone to have.
To sleep soundly knowing that you gave it your all.
That you didn't miss an opportunity to improve on what you are passionate about, because in so doing, you experience an eagerness to do the same the next day.
It's the ultimate contest and I invite everyone to submit their application forms, as it's one of the few competitions where everyone who does the work and shows up, is in the winner's circle.
Keep striving, keep pushing and as always, Excelsior! #naturallyintense
(Thanks @indi.anna.r or taking the shot, as I know your arm was probably shaking after that workout!)
#naturalbodybuilding #naturalbodybuilder #fitover40 #homegym #drugfreebodybuilding #gymselfie #hometraining #naturalbodybuildingmotivation
Motivation vs Discipline. What You Really Need To Be Successful!
I am often asked what was my motivation to keep going starting off as a skinny 125lb kid who no one believed could ever be a successful bodybuilder.
The answer is that motivation didn't have that much to do with it.
Motivation may have played a part in getting me started, but it was discipline that got me to where I wanted to be.
Motivation is fleeting and ephemeral, it's not always going to be there and on the days when you don't feel like eating right or training hard, you need a disciplined practice to see you through.
A disciplined practiced based on doing what you need to do to be successful regardless of the circumstances.
That's how I made it through all those tough times when I felt I wasn't getting anywhere, and it's what will help you as well.
So forget motivation, focus on building a disciplined practice, know that I believe in you and as always, Excelsior!!! #naturallyintense
#naturalbodybuilding #nosteroids #fitnessgoals #naturalbodybuildingtips #naturalbodybuilder #naturalbodybuildingvideos #excelsior #fitover40 #naturalbodybuildingtips #naturalbodybuildingmotivation #disciplineovermotivation #disciplineequalsfreedom #discipline #motivation#fitness #mindset #selfdiscipline #fitnessmotivation #disciplinequotes #workout #disciplineiskey
Kevin's Ultimate Secret Six Pack Abs Tip!
If you ever wondered how I maintain a six pack all year round and have kept that six pack for decades on end, here's the secret.
This is one tip that will honestly get you on the path to a six pack.
There's no magic to it.
But if you follow this simple piece of advice, you will be able to do a lot more than get yourself a six pack, as it's a proven formula for success.
Give it a try and as always, Excelsior!!! #naturallyintense
#sixpack #sixpackabs #6pack #6packabs #naturalbodybuilder #naturalbodybuilding #naturalbodybuildingtips #naturalbodybuildingvideo #naturalbodybuildingmotivation #sixpacktips #drugfreebodybuilding #abs
Happy Archery Day, everyone!!!
Yeah, it's a thing and can't say how much it's my thing!
To be honest, I am a barebow shooter and almost never shoot my compound bow (the monster in my hands) but it's all really good fun!
If you haven't tried archery or are thinking about doing it again, go give it a shot (no pun intended!!!)
And as always, Excelsior!!! #naturallyintense
#archery #archeryday #bowtech #naturalbodybuilder #naturalbodybuilding #fitover40 #blackandwhite #bowtech
Do You Have Good Genetics for Natural Bodybuilding?
I don't believe it's the question that needs to be asked.
Far too many, myself included, who went on to be successful natural bodybuilders would never have been the men and women you would expect to have the genetics for bodybuilding.
But we put in the work, the years, the dedication and the consistency, and so what matters isn't the question of genetics, but rather do you have the passion, the drive and the discipline to train hard and focus on your diet nonstop for years on end to realize your potential?
That's the real question, and yes, there are men and women who have great genetics for natural bodybuilding, but there are even more who would be amazing onstage but don't know it because they didn't believe enough in themselves to put in the time to see how far they could go.
So I am here to say that I believe you have it in you to do amazing things, so if it's your goal, or even if you just want to improve the way you look, stick with it and don't quit!
Know that I believe in you and as always, Excelsior!!! #naturallyintense
#naturalbodybuilding #nosteroids #fitnessgoals #bodytransformation #nodrugs #naturalbodybuildingtips #naturalbodybuilder #naturalbodybuildingvideos #excelsior #fitover40 #personaltrainer #naturalbodybuildingtips #naturalbodybuildingmotivation #beleiveinyourself
Nope it's not a contest cut- it's just another day on the Path.
There are two ways to get cut, the fast way that requires going to extremes and which is inevitably temporary.
Or the Path-based way. Whereby your lifestyle and sustainable healthy practices get you there and keeps you there.
It takes time. It takes patience but it's an extremely honest endeavor.
If you put in the work and stay consistent with your training and following a processed food free and healthy diet, excellence is just a matter of time.
It takes time but as long as you draw breath, you have the time and you can do this.
So take the Path-based way and as always, Excelsior!!!
#naturallyintense
And my thanks to my son @reid_443 for snapping the shot, and the approval rating! 😂
#naturalbodybuilding #naturalbodybuilder #fitover40 #homegym #drugfreebodybuilding #gymselfie #hometraining
Please note that all material is copyrighted and DMCA Protected and can be reprinted only with the expressed authorization of the author.
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11. Petrie, HJ; Chown, SE; Belfie, LM; Duncan, AM; McLaren, DH; Conquer, JA; Graham, TE. Caffeine ingestion increases the insulin response to an oral-glucose-tolerance test in obese men before and after weight loss. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2004
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15. Inui A, Asakawa A, Bowers CY, et al. “Ghrelin, appetite, and gastric motility: the emerging role of the stomach as an endocrine organ. FASEB J. PMID 2004
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18. Center For Disease Control and Prevention: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) 2014
19. Watson NF, Badr MS, Belenky G, et al. Recommended Amount of Sleep for a Healthy Adult: A Joint Consensus Statement of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and Sleep Research Society. Sleep. 2015
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21. Roehrs, T.; Yoon, J., Roth T. Nocturnal and next-day effects of ethanol and basal level of sleepiness. Human Psychopharmacology 1991.
